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Arch of Constantine, Colosseum Monuments in Rome, Information and Official Private Guided Tours to Visit Rome.

Arch of Constantine, Colosseum Monuments in Rome, Information and Official Private Guided Tours to Visit Rome.

On a grassy knoll just behind the Colosseum rises the magnificent Arch of Constantine, stunningly restored and pristine white. Constantine the Great (that is, Flavius Valerius Constantinus) was a Roman emperor born on Feb. 27, ca. 280, to Helen, who was canonized as the discoverer of the True Cross. In 313, he defeated Emperor Maxentius, partly because poor Maxentius’s troops, hoping to ambush Constantine’s from the Tiber River north of Rome, drowned when their boats sank. This arch, erected 2 years afterward, celebrates the victory.

Arch of Constantine, Colosseum Monuments in Rome, Information and Official Private Guided Tours to Visit Rome.  

With the Edict of Milan that same year, Constantine proclaimed the tolerance of Christianity, paving the way for it to become the official religion of the empire. Constantine was baptized on his deathbed and is thought of as the first Christian ruler of the Roman Empire. He always claimed his success was due to his Christian conversion; it helped the church prosper under his patronage. The paleo-Christian basilicas of Rome, starting with St. John Lateran and then St. Peter’s, Santa Maria Maggiore, and St. Paul’s Outside the Walls, all date from his reign.

Arch of Constantine, Colosseum Monuments in Rome, Information and Official Private Guided Tours to Visit Rome.

The arch celebrating his military prowess incorporates segments from other – some earlier – stone sculptures, including a frieze showing Trajan’s triumphs over the Dacians and a scene of Roman soldiers seizing the seven-branched candlestick in Jerusalem. There are hunting scenes with sacrifices from yet another older monument and eight reliefs from Marcus Aurelius, including a triumphal procession into Rome.

From here, follow the Colosseum by walking uphill, on the far side of the road from the Piazza del Colosseo (to avoid crossing the traffic lanes more than necessary), and go right onto Via Claudia, which follows the line of the old wall. The bustling neighborhood on the left, consisting of small shops, restaurants, and an unbelievably large number of auto repair shops, is near the original site of the Porta Capena, an old city gate no longer standing.

Arch of Constantine, Colosseum Monuments in Rome, Information and Official Private Guided Tours to Visit Rome.

Outside the gate, teams of mule skinners stood ready to transport goods in what was then a lively area of taverns, inns – and a tough-looking crowd. The area, surrounded by magnificent umbrella pines, is quiet, except for barbarian car drivers. It was here, during the days of Imperial Rome, that various foreign legions of barbarian soldiers were quartered. The soldierly tradition is still in evidence by the Celio military hospital on the left, the same one from Herbert Kappler, a notorious Nazi war criminal held by the Italians for decades.

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